An incredibly bizarre ambush predator native to South Asia. With a massive, flat head and cryptic coloration, they perfectly mimic a dead leaf or piece of wood. They are entirely sedentary, moving only to gulp down prey that wanders too close to their cavernous mouths. Because they can easily consume fish up to half their own length, tank mates must be chosen with extreme caution.
Frogmouth Catfish At a Glance
Frogmouth Catfish Tank Requirements
Will Frogmouth Catfish fit in your tank?
Care guides tell you what Frogmouth Catfish needs, the next question is whether your tank can safely provide it. Test Frogmouth Catfish against your tank size, maintenance needs, and the fish you already keep before you buy.
Useful setup supplies
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Frogmouth Catfish Water Parameters
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Frogmouth Catfish Temperament & Compatibility
Frogmouth Catfish Varieties
Each variety inherits the species defaults above. Only differences are highlighted.
Standard
The standard adult form. They spend 99% of their time buried in sand or leaf litter waiting for prey. Requires robust filtration due to the high-protein waste produced after consuming large meals.
Same care requirements as the base species
Also known as: Wild Type
Frogmouth Catfish Care Guide Summary
The Frogmouth Catfish, scientifically known as Chaca chaca, belongs to the Catfish family group. Adults reach a maximum size of approximately 20 cm and have a depressed body shape with a slow growth rate. Classified as aggressive, this species primarily occupies the bottom zone of the aquarium and produces a high level of biological waste.
To thrive, the Frogmouth Catfish requires a freshwater only aquarium with a minimum volume of 110 litres and a tank length of at least 80 cm. Water temperature should be maintained between 22°C and 26°C, with a pH range of 6–8 and a general hardness of 4–15 dGH. A low water flow is preferred.
Due to its specialist needs, the Frogmouth Catfish is best suited for fishkeepers who can provide a carefully planned setup. The Frogmouth Catfish is typically available in one standard form.
Frogmouth Catfish Habitat Setup
When setting up an aquarium for the Frogmouth Catfish, a low water flow best suits their natural preferences. Because this species occupies the bottom zone, the aquarium layout should prioritise sufficient floor space with hiding spots among rocks, wood, or dense planting. Useful additions include a sand substrate to accommodate their sifting behaviour and leaf litter or blackwater tannins to replicate their natural soft-water habitat. Keepers should note that expect substrate disturbance, so lightweight décor should be secured.
Frogmouth Catfish Compatibility Notes
Classified as aggressive, the Frogmouth Catfish is adaptable and can be kept singly or in a small group, offering flexibility when planning a community tank. When choosing tankmates, any fish small enough to fit in its mouth will likely be eaten and boisterous or fast-moving tankmates may cause this species undue stress. Selecting tankmates that favour different water layers from the bottom zone can help reduce competition and territorial overlap.
Frogmouth Catfish Recommended Tank Sizes
Standard aquarium sizes that meet the minimum volume and length requirements for Frogmouth Catfish.
30 Gallon Breeder
40 Gallon Breeder
55 Gallon Standard
60 Gallon Breeder
75 Gallon Standard
90 Gallon Standard
Show 12 more tank sizes
Frogmouth Catfish Feeding & Diet Considerations
The Frogmouth Catfish is a predatory species that will readily consume small fish, so nano or bite-sized tankmates should be avoided and is primarily active at dusk and dawn, so offering food shortly after lights-off ensures it receives adequate nutrition.
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Frequently Asked Questions About Frogmouth Catfish
How big does Frogmouth Catfish get?
Frogmouth Catfish (Chaca chaca) typically reaches a maximum adult size of approximately 20 cm. They have a depressed body shape and a slow growth rate.
What tank size does Frogmouth Catfish need?
A minimum aquarium volume of 110 litres and a tank length of at least 80 cm are recommended for Frogmouth Catfish. This ensures enough swimming space and helps maintain stable water conditions.
What water parameters does Frogmouth Catfish need?
Frogmouth Catfish thrives in freshwater only conditions with a temperature range of 22–26°C, a pH between 6 and 8, and a general hardness of 4–15 dGH. A low water flow is preferred.
Is Frogmouth Catfish peaceful or aggressive?
Frogmouth Catfish is classified as aggressive with an aggression score of 7 out of 10. Careful tankmate selection is essential to avoid conflict.
Can Frogmouth Catfish live alone?
Yes, Frogmouth Catfish can be kept singly or in a group. They are flexible and adapt well to both setups.
Does Frogmouth Catfish have any special tank requirements?
Yes. Frogmouth Catfish benefits from sand (sifters) and leaf litter/blackwater in the aquarium. These features help replicate their natural habitat and promote overall health and well-being.
Plants That Suit Frogmouth Catfish
These plants pair well with Frogmouth Catfish based on shared water preferences, layout fit, and how likely they are to hold up in the same aquarium.
Amazon Frogbit
Limnobium laevigatum
Asian Watergrass
Hygroryza aristata
Asian Watermoss
Salvinia cucullata
Carolina Mosquito Fern
Azolla caroliniana
Common Duckweed
Lemna minor
Crystalwort
Riccia fluitans
Fish Similar to Frogmouth Catfish
Gangetic Leaf Fish
Nandus nandus
An ambush predator native to South Asia, the Gangetic Leaf Fish relies on its mottled camouflage to mimic dead leaves. It has a remarkably large, protrusible mouth and is strictly piscivorous, swallowing smaller fish whole. It requires a dimly lit tank with low flow, heavy planting, and leaf litter to feel secure. Due to its highly predatory nature, it must only be housed with fish too large to be eaten.
Lima Shovelnose Catfish
Sorubim lima
A highly distinctive, predatory catfish native to South America known for its elongated, flattened snout resembling a duckbill. They frequently rest vertically or head-down among driftwood to camouflage themselves. While generally peaceful toward fish too large to be eaten, they are highly effective nocturnal ambush predators and will swallow any tank mate that fits into their surprisingly large mouths.
Striped Raphael Catfish
Platydoras armatulus
A highly robust, armored catfish native to the Amazon and Orinoco basins. Famous for their ability to produce audible squeaking or grunting sounds when distressed or defending territory. They are nocturnal scavengers that spend most of the day hiding in driftwood or caves. Note: Their rigid pectoral spines can easily become tangled in standard aquarium nets.
Pungas Catfish
Pangasius pangasius
A colossal riverine catfish native to the Indian subcontinent. While highly important for aquaculture, they are disastrous for home aquariums. They grow rapidly to enormous sizes (up to 150-300cm), are easily spooked (often resulting in them ramming the tank glass at high speeds), and will swallow any tank mate that fits in their massive mouths.
Whiptail Catfish
Rineloricaria sp.
A highly cryptic, peaceful, and extremely slender catfish that mimics a twig or dead leaf. They are excellent scavengers and biofilm grazers that require smooth sand and driftwood to thrive. They are completely non-aggressive, lack the heavy armor of larger plecos, and do well in peaceful community setups.
Shortbarbel Pangasius
Pangasius micronemus
A massive, highly active riverine catfish native to Southeast Asia. Like its cousin the Iridescent Shark, it is a nervous and skittish swimmer prone to panicking and injuring itself on tank glass. Due to its enormous adult size of up to 1 meter (39 inches), it is strictly suited for only the largest custom aquariums, indoor ponds, or public aquaria. It is an opportunistic predator that will consume any tank mate small enough to fit in its large mouth.