Amazon Frogbit

An incredibly fast-growing, fully aquatic, rootless stem plant. Hornwort acts as a massive nutrient sponge, absorbing compounds directly from the water column. Because it completely lacks true roots, it is biologically a floating plant and will rot at the base if buried in substrate. While it can be wedged into hardscape or weighted down, it is most successfully utilized left free-floating. It is highly valued in breeding setups, as its dense, needle-like foliage provides an exceptional refuge for fry and shrimp. It is sensitive to sudden changes in water parameters and may temporarily shed its needles if shocked, but usually recovers quickly.

Aponogeton robinsonii is a fast-growing, relatively uncommon bulb plant in the aquarium hobby originating from slow-flowing rivers in Vietnam and Laos. It is noted for its tendency to quickly produce floating leaves, making it an excellent background plant that provides natural surface cover and shaded zones for the aquarium. Unlike many other Aponogeton species, it typically thrives continuously without a dormant period under submerged conditions and frequently produces fragrant white flowers.

A popular houseplant and marginal terrarium plant frequently sold for aquariums. While its roots can be permanently submerged, its foliage must remain above the water line to prevent rotting. It is highly effective at absorbing nitrates when grown in open-top tanks, hang-on-back filters, or ripariums where its stems extend out of the water.

A highly sought-after floating plant characterized by its vibrant red roots and round, water-repellent leaves. Under high light and slightly limited nitrates, the entire plant can flush a deep crimson red. It is excellent for absorbing excess nutrients and providing habitat for fry and shrimp, but requires low surface flow as water splashing over its leaves can cause rot.

Salvinia natans is a fast-growing, rootless floating fern characterized by small, oval leaves covered in water-repellent hairs. It is excellent for absorbing excess nutrients from the water column and providing a secure canopy for shy fish and fry, but it requires regular culling to prevent it from completely blocking light to submerged plants.

The Banana Plant is a unique, eye-catching aquarium plant famous for its cluster of thick, banana-shaped root tubers that store nutrients. It initially produces light green, heart-shaped submerged leaves and will rapidly shoot lily-like pads to the water surface if allowed. To maintain bushy submerged growth, surface-reaching leaves should be routinely trimmed.