Reticulated Stingray (Teacup Ray)
Potamotrygon orbignyi
The Reticulated Stingray is a stunning bottom-dwelling freshwater ray native to South America. It is commonly sold under the deceptive trade name 'Teacup Ray' as a juvenile. They grow massive, have a venomous tail spine, and demand pristine water quality, massive aquariums, and a strict carnivorous diet. A fine sand substrate is an absolute requirement to prevent fatal bacterial infections from underside abrasions.
Reticulated Stingray (Teacup Ray) At a Glance
Reticulated Stingray (Teacup Ray) Tank Requirements
Will Reticulated Stingray (Teacup Ray) fit in your tank?
Care guides tell you what Reticulated Stingray (Teacup Ray) needs, the next question is whether your tank can safely provide it. Test Reticulated Stingray (Teacup Ray) against your tank size, maintenance needs, and the fish you already keep before you buy.
Reticulated Stingray (Teacup Ray) Water Parameters
Reticulated Stingray (Teacup Ray) Temperament & Compatibility
Reticulated Stingray (Teacup Ray) Varieties
Each variety inherits the species defaults above. Only differences are highlighted.
Adult (Standard)
The adult freshwater stingray. Boasts an immense bioload and requires a tank with a massive footprint (minimum 180cm x 60cm/6ft x 2ft wide). They are apex predators in the tank and will eat any fish that fits under their disc or in their mouth.
Same care requirements as the base species
Also known as: Adult Ray, Reticulated Stingray, Fully Grown
Juvenile (Grow-out / Teacup)
Commonly sold at 10-15cm in disc width. Despite the cute 'Teacup' name, they grow very rapidly and are incredibly sensitive to ammonia and nitrites. Must be upgraded to a monster tank within the first year.
Differs in 5 traits from base species
Also known as: Teacup Ray, Baby Ray, Pup
Reticulated Stingray (Teacup Ray) Care Guide Summary
The Reticulated Stingray (Teacup Ray), scientifically known as Potamotrygon orbignyi, belongs to the Oddballs family group. Adults reach a maximum size of approximately 65 cm and have a depressed body shape with a moderate growth rate. Classified as mostly peaceful, this species primarily occupies the bottom zone of the aquarium and produces a extreme level of biological waste.
To thrive, the Reticulated Stingray (Teacup Ray) requires a freshwater only aquarium with a minimum volume of 680 litres and a tank length of at least 180 cm. Water temperature should be maintained between 24°C and 30°C, with a pH range of 6–7.5 and a general hardness of 1–10 dGH. A moderate water flow is preferred.
The Reticulated Stingray (Teacup Ray) is a rewarding species to keep, provided its core environmental needs are met. This species is available in 2 varieties: Adult (Standard) and Juvenile (Grow-out / Teacup). Each may differ slightly in size, temperament, or care needs, so it is worth checking the specific requirements of the variety you plan to keep.
Reticulated Stingray (Teacup Ray) Habitat Setup
When setting up an aquarium for the Reticulated Stingray (Teacup Ray), a moderate water flow best suits their natural preferences. Because this species occupies the bottom zone, the aquarium layout should prioritise sufficient floor space with hiding spots among rocks, wood, or dense planting. Useful additions include a sand substrate to accommodate their sifting behaviour and smooth gravel or rounded substrate to protect their sensitive barbels. Keepers should note that expect substrate disturbance, so lightweight décor should be secured.
Reticulated Stingray (Teacup Ray) Compatibility Notes
Classified as mostly peaceful, the Reticulated Stingray (Teacup Ray) is adaptable and can be kept singly or in a small group, offering flexibility when planning a community tank. When choosing tankmates, any fish small enough to fit in its mouth will likely be eaten, ornamental shrimp are not safe companions, snails will be treated as food rather than tankmates, and their energetic swimming style may stress more sedentary or timid species. Selecting tankmates that favour different water layers from the bottom zone can help reduce competition and territorial overlap.
Who Reticulated Stingray (Teacup Ray) Is Actually For
Reticulated Stingray (Teacup Ray) is best for a fishkeeper who wants a species that can settle into a calmer community setup and can provide someone who understands its individual space requirements. It makes the most sense for a hobbyist who will actually build around its needs, especially sand.
The most common mistake is treating Reticulated Stingray (Teacup Ray) like any other community fish and skipping the soft sand it needs to forage safely. Another frequent problem is forcing it into an over-busy community when it would do better with more room or more deliberate tankmate choices.
Reticulated Stingray (Teacup Ray) Recommended Tank Sizes
Standard aquarium sizes that meet the minimum volume and length requirements for Reticulated Stingray (Teacup Ray).
Reticulated Stingray (Teacup Ray) Feeding & Diet Considerations
The Reticulated Stingray (Teacup Ray) is a predatory species that will readily consume small fish, so nano or bite-sized tankmates should be avoided, will hunt and eat ornamental shrimp, making it unsuitable for shrimp-focused setups, actively feeds on snails and can be used as a natural snail population control, and will eat fry, so breeding efforts in the same tank are unlikely to succeed.
Frequently Asked Questions About Reticulated Stingray (Teacup Ray)
How big does Reticulated Stingray (Teacup Ray) get?
Reticulated Stingray (Teacup Ray) (Potamotrygon orbignyi) typically reaches a maximum adult size of approximately 65 cm. They have a depressed body shape and a moderate growth rate.
What tank size does Reticulated Stingray (Teacup Ray) need?
A minimum aquarium volume of 680 litres and a tank length of at least 180 cm are recommended for Reticulated Stingray (Teacup Ray). This ensures enough swimming space and helps maintain stable water conditions.
What water parameters does Reticulated Stingray (Teacup Ray) need?
Reticulated Stingray (Teacup Ray) thrives in freshwater only conditions with a temperature range of 24–30°C, a pH between 6 and 7.5, and a general hardness of 1–10 dGH. A moderate water flow is preferred.
Is Reticulated Stingray (Teacup Ray) peaceful or aggressive?
Reticulated Stingray (Teacup Ray) is classified as mostly peaceful with an aggression score of 4 out of 10. They are generally well-suited to peaceful community tanks.
Can Reticulated Stingray (Teacup Ray) live alone?
Yes, Reticulated Stingray (Teacup Ray) can be kept singly or in a group. They are flexible and adapt well to both setups.
Is Reticulated Stingray (Teacup Ray) safe with shrimp?
No. Reticulated Stingray (Teacup Ray) is known to eat ornamental shrimp and is not recommended for shrimp tanks. Even larger shrimp species like Amano Shrimp may be at risk.
Will Reticulated Stingray (Teacup Ray) eat snails?
Yes. Reticulated Stingray (Teacup Ray) actively feeds on snails. While this can be useful for controlling pest snail populations, it means decorative snails should not be housed with this species.
Does Reticulated Stingray (Teacup Ray) have any special tank requirements?
Yes. Reticulated Stingray (Teacup Ray) benefits from sand (sifters) and smooth gravel (sensitive barbels) in the aquarium. These features help replicate their natural habitat and promote overall health and well-being.
Useful setup supplies
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Guidarium Editorial Desk
Reviewed against Guidarium care, stocking, and compatibility standards. Read the editorial policy.
- Last reviewed
- May 11, 2026
- Last updated
- May 11, 2026
- Issues or corrections?
- Contact the editorial team
Top Tank Mates for Reticulated Stingray (Teacup Ray)
These fish are strong compatibility matches for Reticulated Stingray (Teacup Ray) based on water preferences, temperament, adult size, and tank behavior.
Kabia rainbowfish
Glossolepis kabia
Ideal Tank MatesTiger Danio
Devario maetaengensis
Ideal Tank MatesWestern Rainbowfish
Melanotaenia australis
Ideal Tank MatesWaigeo Rainbowfish
Melanotaenia catherinae
Ideal Tank MatesTami River Rainbowfish
Glossolepis pseudoincisus
Ideal Tank MatesSpotted Rainbowfish
Glossolepis maculosus
Ideal Tank MatesPlants That Suit Reticulated Stingray (Teacup Ray)
These plants pair well with Reticulated Stingray (Teacup Ray) based on shared water preferences, layout fit, and how likely they are to hold up in the same aquarium.
Afzel's Anubias
Anubias afzelii
Anubias Barteri
Anubias barteri
Belinda's Buce
Bucephalandra belindae
Buce Motleyana
Bucephalandra motleyana
Christmas Moss
Vesicularia montagnei
Congo Anubias
Anubias heterophylla
Fish Similar to Reticulated Stingray (Teacup Ray)
Teacup Stingray (Common Freshwater Ray)
Potamotrygon laticeps
The term 'Teacup Stingray' is a highly deceptive trade name used for juvenile freshwater stingrays (often P. laticeps, P. motoro, or P. reticulata). They are not a miniature species. They are highly intelligent, predatory bottom-dwellers that require pristine water, massive aquariums, and fine sand to prevent lethal infections on their soft underbellies.
Flower Stingray
Potamotrygon schroederi
A stunning, large-growing freshwater stingray native to the Rio Negro and Orinoco basins. They feature intricate rosette or flower-like patterns. As apex predators, they require massive aquariums, exceptional biological filtration due to extreme bioloads, and a fine sand substrate to prevent injury to their soft bellies. They possess a venomous tail barb and must be handled with extreme caution.
Raspy River Stingray
Potamotrygon scobina
A relatively small freshwater stingray native to the Amazon basin. While smaller than other Potamotrygon species, it still requires massive aquariums with extremely strong filtration due to its high metabolism and extreme waste output. It is a benthic carnivore that needs a deep, fine sand substrate to bury itself and avoid scratching its soft underside. Warning: Possesses a venomous tail barb.
Hystrix Stingray (Porcupine Ray)
Potamotrygon hystrix
One of the smaller species of freshwater stingray, yet it still requires a massive aquarium with a vast floor footprint. They are bottom-dwelling predators that absolutely require a fine sand substrate to bury themselves; coarse gravel will cause fatal infections to their soft underbellies. They possess a venomous tail barb and demand extreme filtration due to their massive bioload.
Motoro Stingray
Potamotrygon motoro
A spectacular but highly demanding freshwater stingray native to South America, instantly recognizable by its orange-spot 'peacock' pattern. They are massive, heavy-polluting predators that require huge aquariums with pristine water quality. A soft sand substrate is absolutely mandatory to prevent severe bacterial infections on their delicate underbellies. Note: They possess a venomous tail stinger.
Antennae Stingray
Plesiotrygon iwamae
The Antennae Stingray is a delicate, rare freshwater ray native to the Amazon basin. It is distinctive for its extremely long, whip-like tail that can be more than twice its disc width. They require a massive aquarium with an enormous footprint, pristine water quality, and a soft, fine sand substrate to bury themselves. As large piscivores, they will consume any tank mate small enough to fit in their mouths.



