The Texas Cichlid is the only cichlid species native to the United States. Known for their striking pearlescent blue/green spots and extreme territorial behavior, they require large tanks and robust filtration. They are notorious for rearranging aquariums, digging massive pits, and destroying live plants.
At a Glance
Tank Requirements
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Water Parameters
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Temperament & Compatibility
Available Varieties
Each variety inherits the species defaults above. Only differences are highlighted.
Adult (Standard)
Fully grown Texas Cichlid. Highly territorial and requires a large footprint (minimum 75 gallons / 280L). Best kept solitary or with similarly sized, robust tank mates in a very large aquarium.
Differs in 1 trait from base species
Also known as: Wild Type, Adult Texas
Juvenile (Grow-out)
Young Texas Cichlid commonly sold at 2-3 inches. They will grow rapidly and become increasingly aggressive. Can temporarily be housed in smaller aquariums but will require a major upgrade.
Differs in 5 traits from base species
Also known as: Baby, Juvenile
Texas Cichlid Care Guide Summary
The Texas Cichlid, scientifically known as Herichthys cyanoguttatus, belongs to the Cichlids - Central American family group. Adults reach a maximum size of approximately 30 cm and have a compressed body shape with a moderate growth rate. Classified as aggressive, this species primarily occupies the mid-level and bottom zones of the aquarium and produces a extreme level of biological waste.
To thrive, the Texas Cichlid requires a freshwater only aquarium with a minimum volume of 280 litres and a tank length of at least 120 cm. Water temperature should be maintained between 20°C and 28°C, with a pH range of 6.5–8 and a general hardness of 8–25 dGH. A moderate water flow is preferred. An aquarium test kit can help you monitor these values.
Due to its specialist needs, the Texas Cichlid is best suited for fishkeepers who can provide a carefully planned setup. This species is available in 2 varieties: Adult (Standard) and Juvenile (Grow-out). Each may differ slightly in size, temperament, or care needs, so it is worth checking the specific requirements of the variety you plan to keep.
Texas Cichlid Habitat Setup
When setting up an aquarium for the Texas Cichlid, a moderate water flow best suits their natural preferences. Because this species occupies the mid-level and bottom zones, the aquarium layout should prioritise open swimming space in the centre of the tank for free movement and sufficient floor space with hiding spots among rocks, wood, or dense planting. Useful additions include a sand substrate to accommodate their sifting behaviour, smooth gravel or rounded substrate to protect their sensitive barbels, and driftwood, which can serve as both a hiding place and a dietary supplement. Keepers should note that expect substrate disturbance, so lightweight décor should be secured and live planted layouts may be difficult to maintain, as this species tends to uproot or consume vegetation. Browse aquarium sand substrate options to find the best fit.
Texas Cichlid Compatibility Notes
Classified as aggressive, the Texas Cichlid is best housed alone, as they do not tolerate others of their kind in confined spaces. When choosing tankmates, snails will be treated as food rather than tankmates, conspecific aggression can be intense, especially in smaller tanks, and territorial behaviour may cause issues if hiding spots or floor space are limited. Selecting tankmates that favour different water layers from the mid-level and bottom zones can help reduce competition and territorial overlap.
Recommended Tank Sizes
Standard aquarium sizes that meet the minimum volume and length requirements for Texas Cichlid.
75 Gallon Standard
90 Gallon Standard
125 Gallon Standard
150 Gallon High
180 Gallon Standard
350 Liter (120cm Deep)
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Frequently Asked Questions About Texas Cichlid
How big does Texas Cichlid get?
Texas Cichlid (Herichthys cyanoguttatus) typically reaches a maximum adult size of approximately 30 cm. They have a compressed body shape and a moderate growth rate.
What tank size does Texas Cichlid need?
A minimum aquarium volume of 280 litres and a tank length of at least 120 cm are recommended for Texas Cichlid. This ensures enough swimming space and helps maintain stable water conditions.
What water parameters does Texas Cichlid need?
Texas Cichlid thrives in freshwater only conditions with a temperature range of 20–28°C, a pH between 6.5 and 8, and a general hardness of 8–25 dGH. A moderate water flow is preferred.
Is Texas Cichlid peaceful or aggressive?
Texas Cichlid is classified as aggressive with an aggression score of 8 out of 10. Careful tankmate selection is essential to avoid conflict.
Can Texas Cichlid live with others of its kind?
No. Only one Texas Cichlid should be kept per tank. Keeping multiples in the same aquarium typically results in aggression and stress.
Will Texas Cichlid eat snails?
Yes. Texas Cichlid actively feeds on snails. While this can be useful for controlling pest snail populations, it means decorative snails should not be housed with this species.
Does Texas Cichlid have any special tank requirements?
Yes. Texas Cichlid benefits from sand (sifters), driftwood (digestion/hiding), and smooth gravel (sensitive barbels) in the aquarium. These features help replicate their natural habitat and promote overall health and well-being.
Similar Species
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German Blue Ram
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Kribensis
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Jack Dempsey
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A robust, highly territorial Central American cichlid named after the aggressive 1920s boxer, William 'Jack' Dempsey. They exhibit beautiful iridescent blue, green, and gold spangling over a dark background. As aggressive diggers and plant destroyers, they require a tank with sturdy decor. They are best kept as a single wet pet or in a large tank with other similarly sized, robust Central American cichlids.
Duboisi Cichlid (Tropheus)
Tropheus duboisi
An iconic Lake Tanganyika cichlid famous for its dramatic life-stage color change. Juveniles are jet black with brilliant white polka-dots, while adults develop a blue head and a distinctive yellow or white vertical band across a dark body. They are highly aggressive toward their own kind and must be kept in large colonies (10+) to disperse aggression. They are strict herbivores that require a specialized diet to avoid fatal digestive issues.